From root: hirap
Usage Note
Mahirap is one of the most frequently used adjectives in Filipino, covering both intellectual difficulty and economic hardship. Its dual meaning reflects a cultural conflation of struggle and poverty rooted in the root noun hirap. Context — task, person, or situation — disambiguates which sense is intended.
Examples
" Mahirap ang pagsusulit. "
Natural Translation
The exam is difficult.
Literal Translation
Difficult the exam.
" Mahirap intindihin ang leksyon. "
Natural Translation
The lesson is difficult to understand.
Literal Translation
Difficult to-understand the lesson.
" Kahit mahirap ang trabaho niya, hindi siya sumusuko dahil gusto niyang tulungan ang kanyang pamilya. "
Natural Translation
Even though her job is difficult, she doesn't give up because she wants to help her family.
Literal Translation
Even difficult the job her, not she gives-up because wants she to-help the her family.
Tagalog builds thousands of words from a few hundred roots.
How Tagalog words workWord family
hirap has 6 related forms built from the same root.
Related Words
Explore Tagalog by topic
Free guides on grammar, vocabulary, and culture to take you past single-word lookups.

Tagalog Verb Focus System Explained (It's Not Active vs. Passive)
The Tagalog verb focus system isn't active vs. passive. Learn actor focus, object focus, and more with clear examples that finally make it click.

Is Tagalog Hard to Learn? An Honest Answer
Tagalog takes around 1,100 hours to reach professional proficiency. Here is what is easy, what is hard, and what to expect at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Philippine Christmas Traditions: World's Longest Holiday
Philippine Christmas traditions run four months — from Ber-month carols to Simbang Gabi dawn masses, Noche Buena feasts, and parol lanterns lighting every street.

How Long Does It Take to Learn Tagalog?
Survival Tagalog takes ~3-4 weeks and comfortable conversation 6-12 months. FSI's 1,100 hours is the professional bar, not the talking-to-family bar.